Role of Engineer in Global Challenges

Role of Engineer in Global Challenges Executive Summary The present paper discusses roles that engineers could actively play to address the challenges of global food insecurity, WMD terrorism, and environmental degradation. The rationale is premised on the fact that food insecurity, global terrorism, and environmental degradation are at the core of the very existence of mankind.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Engineer in Global Challenges specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The results demonstrate that engineers can play an active role in taming environmental degradation by working on ways to actualize the fuel cell technology, developing innovations to capture and store excess carbon dioxide, and initiate sustainable and green engineering to cut down on harmful emissions. In addressing the challenge of food insecurity, engineers can develop novel fertilizers and irrigation capabilities, use biotechnology to develop disease-resistant and fast matur ing crops, and develop new techniques of harvesting rain water for use in irrigation. Lastly, in addressing the challenge of WMD terrorism, engineers can develop high-tech defense mechanisms having the capacity to deal with WMDs before they reach their target, develop and implement comprehensive surveillance systems, and play an active role in developing novel strategies that could be used to neutralize the effects of chemical or biological weapons. The paper concludes by underscoring the importance of engineers in advancing human welfare. The paper recommends (1) core curricula for engineers to be changed to ensure they receive comprehensive training to reflect new challenges and (2) funding and concessions to be made to enable engineers come up with innovative ways to address challenges. Introduction Around the world, demands on the profession and practice of engineering are increasingly shifting to reflect new challenges and expectations fuelled by the pressures of internalizatio n and globalization (Bryce et al., 2004). Today, more than ever before, there are increasing demands for engineering professionals to disembark from the cocoon of narrow technical focus and embrace a positive role in working with their communities to address a multiplicity of challenges and create opportunities that serve to improve life in the universe (National Academy of Engineering, 2012; Vanasupa et al., 2006).Advertising Looking for essay on engineering? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The present paper discusses roles that engineers could actively play to address the challenges of global food insecurity, WMD terrorism, and environmental degradation. Rationale It is important to note that these challenges have been carefully selected on a needs assessment basis. Whereas it is a well known fact that the world is facing very many challenges that are hinged on the pressures toward internalization and globalization (Bryce et al., 2004), food insecurity, global terrorism, and environmental degradation are at the core of the very existence of mankind, hence their selection. Environmental Degradation Extant literature demonstrates that â€Å"†¦the global population is currently consuming natural resources at a rate of 120% of what the earth can regenerate† (Vanasupa et al., 2006 p. 375). Industrialized and industrializing counties are well known for their insatiable appetite for fossil fuels; however, available literature demonstrates that not only will we deplete our fossil fuel reserves within the next 40-100 years if we ignore to take immediate action to control their use, but our propensity to consume these resources will continue to accelerate the melting of the polarize caps, leading to flooding (Vanasupa et al., 2006). Excessive consumption of fossil fuels have also been positively correlated with the rapid accumulation of atmospheric greenhouse gases responsible for causing g lobal warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, and other forms of adverse environmental events. Engineers can play an active role in taming environmental degradation by working on ways to actualize the fuel cell technology, which has the capacity to convert hydrogen or hydrogen-containing fuels into the much needed electrical energy and heat through approvingly simple and mechanically straight forward electrochemical processes that do not degrade the environment (Nordin, 2010). In essence, the perfection of fuel cell technology by relevant engineers presents our best bet of addressing the real challenges emboldened by the mounting use of fossil fuels, including the depletion of natural resources and the ensuing global environmental concerns.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Role of Engineer in Global Challenges specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Engineers also need to come up with technological innovations that could be used by communities and countries to capture and store excess carbon dioxide within the environment so as to prevent global warming (Bourn Neil, 2008). Such innovations require heavy investment in financial resources and heavy concessions from participating stakeholders, but are intrinsically important if we are to reduce the harmful environmental events occasioned by excessive emissions of carbon dioxide and other harmful gases into the environment. Lastly, engineers should be at the forefront in initiating sustainable and green engineering to cut down on harmful emissions into the environment (UNESCO, 2010). Food Insecurity The world’s population has now reached seven billion owing to great advances in health care, elevated levels of prosperity and longer life expectancy, but available statistics indicate that two in every seven people residing in developing countries are exposed to hunger and starvation due to food insecurity brought about by rising temperatures and e rratic rainfall patterns (Fan, 2011). The world’s population, according to these authors, is expected to reach nine billion by 2050, hence the need to come up with approaches and policy frameworks to guarantee food security. Engineers can play an active role in ensuring food security by developing novel fertilizers and irrigation capabilities that will ensure faster and more efficient production of food to feed the population. Agricultural engineers in Israel, for example, have been able to apply modern irrigation techniques and high-yield fertilizers to grow food in arid areas. Second, engineers can use biotechnology and other scientific techniques to develop disease-resistant and fast maturing crops. Such technologically-enhanced crops, in my view, will ensure that food is available in abundance. Lastly, engineers can undertake to develop new techniques of harvesting rain water for use in irrigating crops grown under harsh conditions (Bourn Neil, 2008).Advertising Looking for essay on engineering? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Weapons of mass destruction Global Terrorism Owing to the September 11 2001 terrorist attack on U.S. soil, it is increasingly becoming clear that the nexus of weapons of mass destruction (WMB) and terrorism poses one of the greatest challenges to world peace and prosperity. While it is a well known fact that a successful major WMD terrorist assault could lead to mass casualties and generate extensive social, economic and political ramifications that would adversely affect developed and developing countries, non-state actors such as the Al-Qaeda, Taliban, Ansar al-Islam and Islamic Jihad Union have openly stated their insatiable desire to obtain and use WMDs against targets perceived as enemies to their religious fanaticism (U.S. Department of Sate, 2008). Such a global challenge is real considering the amount of information available on the Internet regarding the assembly and use of WMDs, not mentioning the many black market proliferators and transnational criminal networks that ma y seek to benefit financially from the sale of these weapons to terrorists organizations. To minimize the challenge of WMD terrorism, engineers can engage in the development of high-tech defense mechanisms that have the capacity to deal with WMDs before they reach their target. The U.S. military engineers, for instance, have succeeded in developing strategic missile defense systems that can guard the country against incoming missiles. Second, it should be the role of upcoming engineers to develop and implement comprehensive surveillance systems with the capacity to receive and transmit information about the activities of known terrorist groups. In this light, it can be argued that engineers who designed and developed the U.S. drone surveillance systems succeeded to minimize terrorist activities due to their excellent data gathering capabilities. Still, engineers can play an active role in developing novel strategies that could be used to neutralize the effects of chemical or biologi cal weapons in case of use by terrorist groupings (Bourn Neil, 2008). Conclusion Recommendations The present paper has discussed some of the top-most challenges affecting communities globally, including environmental degradation, food insecurity and WMD terrorism. Additionally, the paper has clearly outlined the critical roles that engineers are expected to play to address these challenges in line with their professional calling to advance human welfare. But while these roles lie at the core of the engineering profession, it is imperative to note that they may be unachievable if concerted efforts are not made by stakeholders and governments. It is therefore recommended that the core curricula for engineers should be changed to reflect these dynamics and ensure that upcoming engineers receive comprehensive education and awareness reflective of these challenges. Additionally, concessions should be made by stakeholders in terms of funding and availing the necessary conditions for eng ineers to come up with innovative ways aimed at dealing with these challenges. References Bourn, D., Neil, I. (2008). The global engineer: Incorporating global skills within UK high education of engineers. Web. Bryce, P., Johnston, S., Yasukawa, K. (2004). Implementing a program in sustainability for engineers at University of Technology, Sydney: A story of intersecting agendas. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 5(3), 267-277. Fan, S. (2011). Global food security challenges and opportunities. International Food Policy Research Institute. Web. National Academy of Engineering. (2012). Grand challenges for engineering. Web. Nordin, N. (2010). Limitations of commercializing fuel cell technologies. AIP Conference Technologies, 1225(1), 498-506. UNESCO. (2010). Engineering: Issues, challenges and opportunities for development. Web. U.S. Department of State. (2008). The global challenge of WMD terrorism. Web. Vanasupa, L., Slivovsky, L., Chen, K.C. (2006). Glo bal challenges as aspiration: A classroom strategy to foster social responsibility. Science Engineering Ethics, 12(2), 373-380.

Australian Gold Rush Immigrants

Australian Gold Rush Immigrants Prior to Edward Hargraves 1851 discovery of gold near Bathurst, New South Wales, Great Britain regarded the distant colony of Australia as little more than a penal settlement. The promise of gold, however, attracted thousands of voluntary settlers in search of their fortunes- and ultimately ended the practice of transporting British convicts to the colonies. The Dawn of the Australian Gold Rush Within weeks of Hargraves discovery, thousands of laborers were already frantically digging at Bathurst, with hundreds more arriving daily. This prompted the Governor of Victoria, Charles J. La Trobe, to offer a  £200 reward to anyone who found gold within 200 miles of Melbourne. Diggers immediately took up the challenge and gold was quickly found in abundance by James Dunlop at Ballarat, by Thomas Hiscock at Buninyong, and by Henry Frenchman at Bendigo Creek. By the end of 1851, the Australian gold rush was in full force. Hundreds of thousands of new settlers descended on Australia during the 1850s. Many of the immigrants whod originally come to try their hand at gold-digging, chose to stay on and settle in the colonies, ultimately quadrupling the population of Australia between 1851 (430,000) and 1871 (1.7 million). Did Your Ancestors Arrive During the Gold Rush? If you suspect that your Australian ancestor might have originally been a digger, begin your search in traditional records from that time period, such as census, marriage,  and death records that generally list an individuals occupation. If you find something that indicates your ancestor was likely- or even possibly- a digger, passenger lists can help pinpoint the date of their arrival in the Australian colonies. Outbound passenger lists from the United Kingdom arent available prior to 1890, nor are they readily available for America or Canada (the Australia gold rush attracted people from all over the world), so your best bet is to search arrival manifests in Australia. Unassisted Immigrants to NSW, 1842-1855: This is an index of unassisted (or free) passengers who came to Australia at their own expense, including ships crewmembers.Unassisted Passenger and Crew Arrivals, 1854-1900: The Mariners and Ships in Australian Waters website has transcribed passenger listings and links to digital scans of original Shipping Inward lists from the Shipping Masters Office.Victoria Passenger Lists: Immigration records for Victoria 1852–1899 are online from the Public Record Office Victoria, including the Index to Unassisted Inward Passenger Lists to Victoria 1852- 1923 and the Index to Assisted British Immigration 1839- 1871. Researching Ancestors Who Predate the Gold Rush Of course, your Australian gold rush ancestors may have actually arrived in Australia in the years preceding the gold rush- as an assisted or unassisted immigrant, or even as a convict. So, if you dont find them in the passenger arrivals from 1851 on, keep looking. There was also a second sizeable gold rush in Western Australia during the 1890s. Start by checking the outbound passenger lists from that time period. Once youve determined that your ancestors were likely involved in the gold rush in some way, you may be able to locate them in a gold-digger database or learn more from newspapers, diaries, memoirs, photos, or other records. Gold Diggers from South Australia: This free searchable database includes gold diggers from South Australia (1852- 1853) who brought or sent their gold home from the Victorian goldfields, including those who deposited gold at the SA Gold Assay Office in February 1852; the consignors and consignees associated with the first three mounted police escorts; and those who lost their receipts or failed to claim their gold by 29 October 1853.SBS Gold!: Explore the impact of the Australian gold rushes and uncover stories of the diggers through newspaper accounts, diaries,  and memoirs.The Goldminers Database: Search information on some 34,000 gold miners who participated in the gold rushes of New Zealand between 1861 and 1872, many of whom were Australians who went to New Zealand for only a short period of time.Fortune Hunters in Australia: This online database, available to members of the New England Historic Genealogical Society, includes names and other information extracted from the pub lished CD titled American Fever Australian Gold, American and Canadian involvement in Australia’s Gold Rush by Australian authors Denise McMahon and Christine Wild. In addition to data compiled from official records, archives, contemporary newspapers, and diaries, there is also material from correspondence written to or from fortune seekers, both from the goldfields of Australia, as well as communications penned during ocean crossings. The National Library of Australia: Search the digital collections database for the term gold photos, maps, and manuscripts related to the Australian gold rushes and those who participated in them.

Feature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Feature - Essay Example Regenerative braking is the technology where the friction energy from braking physical systems such as elevators going down are captured and converted to usable energy, in this case electricity that can then be used to power the elevator system and to supply the electricity needs of the immediate floors and areas within the building. This regenerative braking feature of the elevators is attributed to the technology work of Kone, the provider of the elevator system to the Bullitt Center. The placement of the elevators and the provision of stairs add to the energy efficiency of those elevators because such limit the use of the elevators themselves. Moreover, by design, the elevators are 60 percent more power efficient than regular elevators used in other buildings. All these add to maximum energy efficiency and electricity savings for the Bullitt Center, while at the same time making sure that those who do need the elevator system, such as the disabled, are able to access the elevator systems conveniently. This feature adds further to the overall energy efficiency of the building and the regenerative braking adds to the electricity sources of the building, apart from the solar panels installed on the roof (Hanscom; EarthFixMedia; Bullitt

Democracy Promotion for Realism, Liberalism, Constructivism Essay

Democracy Promotion for Realism, Liberalism, Constructivism - Essay Example Realism believes that democracy promotion is suspicious because states cannot be certain of the true intentions of democracy-promoting states and because the existence of a democratic international system is impossible (â€Å"Realism Introduction† 8, 15). Realism does not think that democracy can be trusted because it is someone else’s democracy. The U.S. is not only projecting values because its democracy promotion is projecting U.S. power too. At the same time, promoting democracy internationally is hardly attainable because there is no government authority that can enforce an international form of democracy (â€Å"Realism Introduction† 8). In particular, if the U.S. promotes democracy in the Middle East, and the projection of values can undermine the power structures in autocratic states, the latter would want to reduce American influence on cultural values and political systems. Others might create alliances to engage in war with more democratic states. The r esult could be violent conflicts where weak autocratic states attack weaker autocratic or more democratic states, in an attempt to block America’s democracy promotion in the region. Liberalism promotes democracy that could lead to a strong, economically-interdependent international society. Economic liberalism believes that trade and economic interdependence can build peace (â€Å"Liberalism Introduction† 6). U.S. democratic values that positively impact the motivation for regional and international economic agreements for involved states are needed to establishing interdependency.

Model and Ideology of the Price System

Model and Ideology of the Price System 1. Introduction: Complexity has come from abundant subjects of thought, moreover, has reacted upon them, from mathematics to physics, from computer science to social sciences. Meanwhile, with the development of economics and the emergence of new way of trade, economics is no longer rife with linearity, continuity and a variety of phenomena that are easily predicted or understood. These phenomena have been labeled as complexity economics. The price system is a typical example of the application of complexity in economics. In this system, there are many similar and interacting parts (individual producers, agents), simple rules to obey (cost-benefit analysis) and aggregate patterns form from individual behavior (price). This report will first introduce the characteristics of neoclassical economics and come to illustrate the definition and ideas of complexity economics, which is helpful to comprehend the complexity in price system. And before moving to concrete examples, it will interpret a relative ideo logy —— the evolution of walrasian behavior. Then it will demonstrate several examples as concrete applications about price system which embody the operation principle of complexity in it. After these examples, an overview and a conclusion based on the illustration above will be stated. This report is aimed to introduce a new model and ideology of price system, and then a new ideology about economics, by illustrating and analyzing several representative examples. 2. From neoclassical economics to complexity economics i) Definition of complexity economics According to Richard H. Day (1994), the definition of complexity in economics in terms of dynamic outcomes is that â€Å"an economic system is dynamically complex if its deterministic endogenous processes do not lead it asymptotically to a fixed point, a limit cycle, or an explosion.†(as cited in Rosser, 1996). But this definition is in a broad sense so that some systems that others would argue should not be included are included. To define it in a narrow sense, we need more specific characteristics and they will be stated in next paragraph. ii) A comparison between the two types Complexity economics seems to be an inversion of neoclassical theory. Axel Leijonhufvud remarks that neoclassical economics â€Å"smart people in unbelievably simple situations,† whilst the real world involves â€Å"simple people with incredibly complex situations.†(as cited in Gintis,2006). According to Gintis (2006), there are five main aspects which the two types differ from each other. The first one is dynamics: the neoclassical economics is static, linear and thermodynamically closed so that it can be interpreted by algebraic geometry; while the complexity economics is dynamic, nonlinear and thermodynamically open, which lead itself to be far from equilibrium in general. The second one is agents: in the former, agents have â€Å"perfect information† and can optimize the information and surplus naturally; while in the latter, agents have â€Å"limited information† and face an obstacle of high price in information processing. This characteristics can be associated with the third one. The third one is networks: in neoclassical economics, agents face impersonal price system structure respectively without interaction; however, in complexity economics, agents have to participate in complex overlapping networks so that they can avoid the disadvantages of limited information and high costs in information processing as much as possible. In this way, under appropriate circumstance, agents in complexity economics can form non-optimal but high-efficient model for operating in complex environments. The forth one is emergence: in neoclassical economics, all the macro properties can be derived from its micro properties (for example, the fundamental theorems of welfare); but in complexity economics, macro patterns are emergent properties derived from micro interactions and behaviors, in the same sense that the chemical properties of a complex molecule, such as various carbon of simple substance, is an emergent property derived from its nuclear and electronic structure. In this case, we cannot analytically derive the macro-level properties from micro-level ones (its component parts), although there might be some undetected connections. Now we only can apply novel mathematical techniques to illustrate the emergent properties to some degree. The last one is evolution: there is no conditions or necessity for mechanism to create novelty or growth in complexity in neoclassical economics; while in the complexity economics, the evolution of differentiation, selection and amplification contributes to the novelty of system and the growth of complexity. 3. The Evolution of Walrasian Behavior In neoclassical economics, Walrasian equilibrium is the main concept in price system, which determines the price in markets according to linear supply-demand relationship. It is undeniable that walrasian theory still plays an irreplaceable part in nowadays economics. However, this theory builds upon a central hypothesis which excludes strategic behavior of manipulating prices directly or indirectly in agents’ own advantages. In Complexity and Artificial Markets (Schredelseker and Hauser, 2008), specific computations are made to illustrate the evolutionary model in price system. It shows the results of simulation experiments about an economy in which agents may have different behavioral rules on price determination. As we know, agents in our economy environment will compare the proà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ts gained in each iteration to those gained by other à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ rms in that iteration so that they can choose a better strategy in the long-run operation. Below is the terse and concise summary of the computations from Schredelseker and Hauser (2008). Assume a set of N firms by i = {1, 2,,N} competing in a market. For every output supplied to the market, this demand function has a clearing price P(Q(t)) for market at which it is sold. Assume all firms are â€Å"ex-ante symmetric† with typical cost function C(q)= c1q(i)c2, where q(i) is the production of each firm i={1,2,,N}, and the parameters c1 and c2 are positive. The evolutionary dynamics, which follows t = 0,1,2,.., proceed in discrete time. The principle that profits induced by current output is P(Q(t))qi −C(qi), i ={1,2, ,N}. When the profits are realized, firms can choose a better strategy in the long-run operation by comparison and it eration. In this way, the individual profit function can be presented: And the relative profit is: From the two functions, we can see the effect on prices that one firm changes its output (quantity) is completely offset by another firm as there is no externalities in the product. And the resulting equation, after maximization and without iteration, simply: P , which means that price is equal to marginal cost in the Walrasian allocation. So a conclusion can be drawn that only if agents maximize relative profits with no imitation, the Walrasian equilibrium can be reached. And the above equations shows that the relative to the average measure is equivalent to the absolute difference in the profits between any two identical firms. Hence, in the real markets, agents imitating the most successful firm from the past round performance so that those strategies that do not perform as well as the average firm will be eliminated before coming to next round. (Schredelseker and Hauser, 2008)

Business and Administration Unit5

Unit five: Principles of supporting business events Assessment Section 1 – Understand how to support the organisation of a business event 1. When organising a business event, describe the range of support activities that may be required.Types of events and main features (formal meetings including board meetings and annual general meetings, semiinformal including team meetings or sales meetings, exhibitions and trade fairs, receptions, conferences); agreeing role and responsibilities to provide support activities required (clarifying purpose, type and size of event, identifying target audience and confirming numbers, planning tasks and resources); confirming venue with others 1 Organising a venue The venues for business events may be on the organisation’s premises.In most cases these will have to be reserved to ensure they are available at the required times. Sometimes the venues will have to be sourced externally. These will have to be checked in terms of their faciliti es and their cost. The aim is to find cost-effective venues that will make it possible to deliver a high-quality event. 2 Getting the appropriate equipment The equipment required will be determined by the size and type of event. Some typical examples include: computers and screens for PowerPoint presentations, sound systems, stages and portable toilets. 3 Arranging for speakers to attendFor some events, such as conferences and seminars, the speakers are the central feature. Finding the required speakers, checking their availability and fees and arranging for them to attend are all important aspects of many business events. 4 Sorting out food and drink For many events it is important that appropriate refreshments are provided. This may be something simple such as providing tea / coffee / water for a management meeting through to three-course meals for large numbers of people. Often people will have special dietary requirements that should be identified and catered for. Preparing docu mentation The lifeblood of many business events will be the many forms of documentation. These will include things such as: promotional brochures, invitations, menus, conference packs, itineraries and minutes. 2. Complete the table below by identifying two ways of providing support before, during and after a business event. |Before |During |After | |1. Providing administrative support |1. Administrative support (accurate |1.Vacating event (leaving venue clean | |(organising printing |note-taking, ensuring delegates have the |and tidy, returning or securing equipment | |and supply of any publicity material, |resources they need, ensuring delegates are | | |supporting documents or files, relevant |aware of location of event rooms and | | |meeting papers, travel instructions, |facilities, recording attendance and | | |informing relevant people of any |cancellations) | | |alterationsand changes in arrangements | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |2. Organising appropriate venues (loca tion, |2. Health, safety and security support |2.Produce a record of the | |size, |(checking |meeting/event; circulating materials (meeting| |layout, time required for advance notice or |emergency procedures, housekeeping |minutes, evaluation forms, making sure these | |bookings, assessing facilities for parking, |arrangements, security of materials and |are within agreed timescales) | |catering; number and type of delegates, |equipment) | | |special requirements; venue checklist | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Section 2 – Understand the purpose of displaying professional and helpful behaviour whilst supporting a business event and how to do so 1. Explain the purpose of displaying professional and helpful behaviour when supporting a business event. Reasons for displaying professional and helpful behaviour to present a positive image of the organisation, to make visitors feel welcome,to ensure a successful event A more efficient and effective event Internal and external customers will be satisfied Resources are not wasted People will be more co-operativeLess conflict Greater likelihood of support for similar events in the future. 2. Describe ways of exhibiting professional and helpful behaviour whilst supporting a business event. Ways: greeting visitors, confirming names forregistration, making sure visitors have necessary materials, point out housekeeping arrangements, refer difficult queries to line manager In everyday life, people are observing the behaviour of others and forming theories and ideas about a person’s commitment, competence and character. They may experience the person face to face or experience the results of their efforts. These judgements will be made whether staff like it or not.The challenge for businesses and staff is to manage these judgements effectively and be as positive as possible, at all times. Some examples of positive qualities include: Appearance Clean Well groomed (eg hair, fingernails, hands) Clean clothes (in a style appropriate for the business) Polished shoes Perfume/aftershave not overpowering Non-verbal communication Smiling Making eye contact Looking attentive when an attendee is speaking Communication Speak clearly Speak at a sensible speed (not too quickly or too slowly) Listen carefully to answers Keep the attendee informed Behaviour Polite Friendly Attentive Professionalism and technical ability Deal with speakers and attendees promptlyEfficiently work through the event as appropriate, such as getting attendee details, completing paperwork, issuing badges and materials Effectively use technology such as telephone, computer and ticket systems Have a detailed knowledge of the event and being able to answer most people’s questions Section 3 – Understand how to deal with problems encountered when supporting a business event 1. What are the main types of problems that may occur when supporting a business event? You should include at least three different types of pr oblems in your answer. Late or absent attendees – If people turn up late then they may miss things such as registration or early parts of the event. Staff that are expected to move onto other roles are forced to wait for late attendees.If parts of an event are dependent on the participation of attendees these may be impossible to do or be less effective due to the smaller numbers. There are similar problems when people are absent and there may be further administrative costs of chasing up absent people after the event. Equipment problems Failure of audio visual equipment – For many events, such as conferences and concerts, a failure in the audio visual equipment will result in an inferior or failed event. Failure of computers / computer aided activities – Many events rely significantly upon computers. Activities such as ticketing and audio visual presentations are frequently dependent upon specialised hardware and software.Failure of kitchen equipment – I f the event requires catering then the failure of kitchen equipment may result in people not being properly refreshed and fed. Process problems The wrong people invited / the right people are not invited – If the wrong people are invited then it will be virtually impossible to achieve the objectives of an event. For example if the event aims to sell human resource management services then attendees should ideally be budget holders with control in human resource management areas of a business. If the attendees have other specialisms / do not hold relevant budgets then the event may have a reduced level of success. Special requirements overlooked – When organising an event it is important to ask about any special needs of the attendees.For example people may have limited mobility, be visually impaired or have dietary restrictions. Failure to acknowledge these needs may result in attendees having a very poor experience. Insufficient documentation / papers / delegate packs – Failure to get documents, paperwork and delegate packs right can undermine an event and deliver a poor service to delegates / attendees. This may be incorrect numbers, poor quality materials and incorrect delivery dates. 2. Identify possible solutions for each of the problems you have listed in Question 1 above. Prevention – from the outset, eliminate the chance of a problem occurring. Contingency plans – factor in a fallback plan to minimise disruption if things do go wrong.Flexible and calm response on the day – even if you're not calm on the inside, projecting a calm attitude can help keep other people's reactions in check The best way to deal with problems is to eliminate them from the beginning. If an event is well planned and organised then the scope for problems is significantly reduced. 1 Registrations Allowing people to register for events right there on your website can greatly boost attendance. The path a user has to take from discovering th e event to participating becomes that much shorter, which translates into a better user experience and more registrants. You will also need to be able to manage registrations through the back end. Registrants should be listed somewhere, with easy access to their details. Equipment problemsGood event management is about organising people to be in charge of individual areas of the event and that everyone knows what the plan is. This means making sure that things are kept to schedule and assisting or having backup plans if it falls behind. The best way to deal with problems is to eliminate them from the beginning. If an event is well planned and organised then the scope for problems is significantly reduced. There are some easy ways to reduce potential problems. Learn from previous events Get advice from experienced people Get advice from other sources Have colleagues review any plans Use proven and tested suppliers Use proven techniques for project planning Double-check things careful ly.

Children from Divorced Families Essay - 960 Words

Divorce rates in America are around 50 percent. More than half of these divorces involve children under 18. Therefore about 40 percent of children in the world will be affected by divorce. About one in three children will live in a household that involves a step parent. (SandfordM. Portnoy) Though its controversial, children that are affected by divorce will develop some kind of psycological condition. Academic,behavior and even health all play a factor in divorce. It is also controversial on how long these conditions will last in children. A study was done on children who still have an intact family compared to the children who have divorced parents. Hetherington said that 2 years after the divorce the children affected†¦show more content†¦They can become even more depressed due to these loses. They are less likely to go to college because the mother can not afford to send them or the child does not care to do well in their academics. Children are 2 to 3 times more likely to drop out of school. This could also effect them into adulthood because they have a low level of education therefore they can not get a good job. Children from divorced families are 2 to 3 times likely to get int trouble than those of children whjose parents are still married. They become abandoned from society and do not like to listen to authority. They tend to become involved with drugs and alcohol and that persists through adulthood. Usually the males are more than likely to have these behavior problems. Females from divorced families are more likely to have sexual intercourse younger than those of intact families.This seems to occur because the children tend to pull away from their parents at an early age. And the children are not thought self control. They are more likely to be persuaded into having sexual intercourse. According to Hetherington and Kelly’s research children are closer to their mothers than they are their fathers. Fathers seem t o disappear more after a divorce and ignor their children. AS these children grow intoShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Divorce On Children From Divorced Parents And Intact Families Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pageshigh divorce rate affecting the children from these divorced families, and if so how is it affecting the children? Or what if a married couple who is unhappy decides to stay together for the children? How does an intact but unhappy family affect the children? So to answer your questions Dr. Phil, I have put together a report from many different books, articles and studies on the effects on a child from a divorced family compared to an intact but an unhappy family. Then I will conclude with what IRead MoreHow Divorce Has Changed Changing Society1491 Words   |  6 Pagescausation, and effect. One topic that has benefited from the use of statistics to measure its effects is divorce. Divorce is defined as the legal process of dissolving a marriage, thus separating two individua ls (Merriam). From generation to generation, divorce has been on a steady increase. The annual rate of divorce more than doubled between the mid-1960s and the early 1980s (Croteau). As of recent, statistics show an increase in divorce rates from less than 20% to nearly 50% since 1960 (Croteau)Read MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Children1548 Words   |  7 Pages The Effects of Divorce on Children Mikele J. King Medaille College Abstract The current divorce rate suggests that one out of every two marriages will end in divorce. This paper is a critical literature review that explores the hypothesis that divorce has detrimental effects on children. Six different risks have been suggested to cause the differences in an increased need for help between divorced family children and two-parent family children: parental loss, economic loss, more lifeRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Teens1402 Words   |  6 PagesDivorce is one of the most common happenings in the world experienced by children. Most children go through different adjustments to become comfortable with the fact that their parents are not together anymore. Children of divorced parents are prone to lifelong effects. Seventy-five to eighty percent of children have divorced parents and twenty-five percent of those children have serious social, emotional, or psychological problems for the rest of their life. Most adults think that it is best forRead MoreThe Reality Of Television Programs960 Words   |  4 Pagesvery different from the television programs that were shown over fifty years ago. The shows in the past portrayed a modest conservative family. These families consist of a hardworking man and a stay at home woman, married raising their own biological children. As the years went by, television has started to portray a more liberal definition of what a family means in today’s world. Because of today’s TV shows, there are different ideas about what a family should look like. Families on TV are not alwaysRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And The Association With Children s Self Esteem By Kim Bastaits1466 Words   |  6 Pagesdivorce. My parents got divorced when I was around five years old. I’m always very interested in the affects divorce has on children, since I am one. Our society has changed to mostly accept divorce. I think divorce is related to the course material because it’s happening a lot in our society; sociology is the study of social behavior, organization, and development. I’m interested in how divorced fathers affect their children’s future. In the research paper, Parenting of Divorced Fathers and the AssociationRead MoreDivorce is not an exception anymore. In fact, with the rate of marriage decreasing over the past1200 Words   |  5 Pagesremaining steady, we are likely to know more people who are divorced than those who are legally bound. During this semester we read four novels. Divorce was a common theme in all of them. Only a few generations ago, American culture rejected divorce as scandalous. Today, law, behavior, and culture embrace and even celebrate it. It got me to wondering about the children of divorced parents. It got me to wondering, what about the children? Being concerned about them, I decided to research the DisruptionRead MoreThe Correlation Of Children With Divorced Parents1629 Words   |  7 Pagescorrelation of children with divorced parents and their ability or inability to have intimate relationships in their futures. In most cases, it depends on the age of the child at the time of the divorce. Studies showed that marital problems, including but not limited to divorce, was associated with negative social, emotional, and physical affects in the children’s lives. Most articles included have different types of specific details, but all generally have the same outcome, being that children with divorcedRead MoreDivorce Where Children Are Involved Essay1561 Words   |  7 Pagessociety and affects many people every year. In some instances of divorce, families have been torn apart leaving children stuck in the middl e of conflict. This is where children start lashing out at their parents and everyone around them and it is because they are hurt and out of their comfort zone. One cannot forget about the children that divorce affects in a negative way. However, this is not always the case. There are children of divorce that get through it relatively calmly. However, one mustRead MoreModern Television And Modern Family858 Words   |  4 Pagesraising a family, values have been put into action. Throughout the centuries of family-making, more and more values have been added, some have been changed, and have even dissipated. Even though there are families that keep the same traditional values, television shows such as Modern Family and The New Normal show how modern television altered those family values which include traditional marriage, family makeup, and sexuality. Modern television is one of many examples of how family values of